Renewable fuels of non-biological origin in the European Union

Renewable Fuels of Non-Biological Origin (RFNBO) are synthetic gaseous or liquid fuels derived from renewable electricity and carbon dioxide. RFNBO can provide a solution for the decarbonization of transport sectors that cannot be electrified (maritime, aviation) but also over the next decade for road transport. RFNBO conversion pathways are at early technology development levels. Production is limited by techno-economic constraints and hydrogen supply and carbon capture solutions, but several conversion steps are  ready for a  market uptake. EC already established the legislative framework setting targets and sustainability requirements for RFNBO. First applications are considered for the hard-to-abate sectors as aviation and maritime.